How to determine in time which plant diseases have affected our beds? What are the ways to deal with them? Each gardener probably saw strange spots on leaves or fruits on plants in their beds, crooked trunks with incomprehensible damage, twisted or wrinkled leaves. Various diseases can reduce the yield, and often even deprive us of it. For the successful fight against plant diseases, it is very important to determine what disease it is, to correctly diagnose it. Consider briefly the most common diseases of vegetable crops, plants, photos and how to deal with them.
Mosaic leaf, viral disease
It affects many vegetables. Winters on plant debris, is carried by insects. It appears as a yellow-green mosaic color of plant leaves. Very often, you can be confused with the reaction of plants to a lack of trace elements.
Ways to fight. There are no chemical agents to combat the virus. Relatively helps the biological drug Zircon. The only way to restrain the spread of leaf mosaics is to destroy diseased plants as early as possible.
Black leg fungal disease
This disease mainly affects the seedlings of vegetable plants. Winters in the ground, spreads with seeds, seedlings, plant debris. At an early stage of development, seedlings appear blackened, thinning, drying out the lower part of the stem. Sometimes this mushroom is able to destroy all seedlings.
Ways to fight. Presowing seed treatment with a bright pink solution of potassium permanganate, steaming soil for seedlings. Processing of seeds, soil, seedlings Fitosporin according to the instructions.
Kila, a fungal disease
It affects all cabbage plants. It hibernates in acidic soil, tolerated with infected roots. A growth is formed on the roots, the ground part is inhibited, the plant attaches, stops development, a bluish tint appears on the leaves.
Ways to fight. As with any fungal diseases, watering the soil before planting seedlings with a 3% solution of any copper-containing product according to the instructions (Chorus, Bordeaux liquid), the last spray should be three weeks before use. Adding to the hole during planting a tablespoon of calcium nitrate, monthly deoxidation of the soil (1 cup of lime per 10 liters of water), watering the plants with Fitosporin. Do not put infected keel plants in compost, but burn them! Cabbage plants can be grown in the place where cabbage, affected by keel, grew in five years!
Vertex Rot Fruit
It affects tomato, eggplant, pepper. On top of the fruit, whitish spots appear, which then decay. This is not a disease, but a lack of nutrition, especially with a lack of potassium, calcium, and moisture in dry, hot weather. There is an outflow of nutrients from the tops of the fruits to the growth point, the tissue is dehydrated, destroyed.
Ways to fight. Watering the land with Fitosporin. Urgent dressing of plants with water with potassium + calcium (1 tablespoon each per 10 liters of water) on leaves in the evening. Before top dressing, make a small watering first, and then plentiful.
Powdery mildew, pathogen - mushroom
It affects almost all vegetable crops. Winters in soil, on plant debris. Appears in the summer in the form of a whitish coating on the leaves, especially in wet weather.
Ways to fight. Spraying with a 1% solution of any copper-containing product according to the instructions for fungal diseases. The last spray should be three weeks before eating. Treatment with Fitosporin. Plant nutrition with potassium + calcium (1 tablespoon each per 10 liters of water) or dusting with ash.
Powdery mildew or peronosporosis, fungal disease
It affects greenhouse cucumbers, onions, lettuce, cabbage, zucchini, cucumbers, beets, peas, parsnips, and others. Winters in the soil. It occurs with high humidity, soil, manifests itself as a whitish coating on the leaves. After 2-3 days, the plant dies.
Ways to fight. Stop watering, increase the ventilation of greenhouses, burn drying or whitish leaves, spray the rest with a bright pink solution of manganese, then dry the earth, sprinkling it with ash or chalk. Processing plantings Fitosporin or Zircon on leaves, stems.
Rotting fruit tips in zucchini, pathogen - spores of fungi
It affects pumpkin crops. It usually manifests itself with an excess of moisture in the soil or with a lack of pollination.
Ways to fight. The soil, plants pour Fitosporin. In cold, humid weather, pollinate pumpkin crops manually, stop watering, and feed with potassium + calcium.
Of course, this is not all that can hit our beds. These are the most common diseases of vegetable crops and measures to combat them.